The Peoples Republic Of China - 1449 Words

The People’s Republic of China (PRC) has experienced unprecedented economic growth under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) since 1978. In his speech â€Å"The Present Situation and the Tasks Before Us,† Deng Xiaoping emphasized the importance of economic reform: â€Å"The superiority [of the socialist system] should manifest itself in many ways, but first and foremost it must be revealed in the rate of economic growth and in economic efficiency† (Deng 1980). With this explicit commitment to growth, Deng links the political legitimacy of the CCP, as the monopolist of power within the PRC, to economic performance. Therefore, the inevitable economic slowdown in the PRC will undermine the legitimacy of the authoritarian CCP and force political liberalization. Given this statement, I suspect two major questions have arisen: (1) How is economic slowdown in China inevitable and (2) Could the CCP just adapt its basis of authoritarian legitimacy without political liberalization? I will address both questions in full after examining the history of economic reform in the PRC. Economic Growth in the PRC from 1978 to 2016 The story of economic reorganization starts in 1978 after the Cultural Revolution when Deng, acting as the paramount leader of the CCP, replaced â€Å"collective farming† with the â€Å"household-responsibility† system in which farmers were allowed to sell extra grain on the open market. With increased incentives, agricultural production increased by 47 percent fromShow MoreRelatedEssay On Peoples Republic Of China710 Words   |  3 PagesPeople’s Republic of China: The People’s Republic of China is a Communist state; although, it has a constitution. The constitution has five sections: the preamble, general principles, fundamental rights and duties of citizens, structure of the state, the national flag, and the emblems of the state. There are three branches: the executive, the judiciary, and the legislative. The executive branch: the presidency is a ceremonial position and serves as the head of the state. The president (Xi Jinping)Read MoreA Visit to The Peoples Republic of China868 Words   |  4 PagesIndex.html The Peoples Republic of China established in 1949.The flag is red and yellow,It symbolizes the soldiers blood. Five yellow star represents the government and unity of the people. Red on flag symbol of revolution and yellow star said the Chinese nation for the Yellow race. Five star means we are big group. China is located in the eastern and Central Asia the west coast of Pacific Ocean.But its shape on earth like a chicken. In fact China total land area of 9600000 square kilometers. Read MoreCountering the People’s Republic of China740 Words   |  3 PagesDECISION PAPER Subject: Countering the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) aggressive influence within the South China Seas (SCS) 1. Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to propose a course of action to counter the PRC’s aggressive influence within the SCS specifically regarding the ongoing territorial disputes. 2. Key Points. a. Ongoing territorial disputes between the PRC and other SCS states demonstrate a resurgence of aggressive PRC influence that threatens regional stability and securityRead MoreHistorical Events Of The Peoples Republic Of China962 Words   |  4 PagesPeople’s Republic of China formerly known as China is located in the East Asia. China is the largest nation in Asia and the second largest country in the world based on land area and covers 9.6 million square kilometers. China has approximately one billion and four hundred million people making it the most populous country in the world. The World Bank categorizes the People’s Republic of China as a low middle-income country. China is a multi-ethnic country with different customs and traditions whichRead MoreComparative Politics and the Peoples Republic of China1266 Words   |  5 Pagesthere is one regime that stands out to me. The rise of China as one of today’s economic powers is fascinating. When studying Chin a’s political system on the form of comparative politics its best to look pass general questions. One has to study China’s whole system to truly understand its impact on all other nations. China has currently moved ahead of the United States in so many ways. Let’s consider the fact that not even 30 years ago china was considered impoverished country, but today it’s aRead MoreThe Peoples Republic Of China Case Report1558 Words   |  7 PagesFor some time now, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) has been suspected in the theft of critical and highly sensitive information from the United States (U.S.). Through the exploitation of the stolen data, the PRC has successfully designed, built, and ultimately tested several nuclear weapons as well as other military related data such as fighter aircraft design. For good reason, these actions have raised a significant level of concern with U.S. officials. Due to this concern, the U.S. commissionedRea d MoreEssay on Peoples Republic of China and Kazakhstan741 Words   |  3 PagesKazakhstan is country located in the Central Asia and Eastern Europe. A. It is the ninth largest country in the world and covers an area approximately equal to that of the United States. B. It is neighbored clockwise from the north by Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and also borders on a significant part of the Caspian Sea. C. Since 1936, Kazakhstan used to be a part of the USSR, but later it declared itself an independent country on December 16, 1991. D. KazakhstanRead MoreAsian Values: The Peoples Republic of China709 Words   |  3 PagesPRC’s 1991 White Paper. Namely, the White Paper specifically proposed that â€Å"the right to subsistence is the most important above of all human rights, without neglecting or leaving the other rights out of the question. Nonetheless, Ungor describes China as place in where everything changes in line with its tradition in order to keep a sustainable balance within the society. Above all, in order to justify and reassert the inhibition of one’s political and individual rights, the PRC stated the rightRead MoreFrom the Shang Dynasty to the Peoples Republic of China2649 Words   |  11 Pagesthe patterns of human activity and symbols that give meaning to the culture. It comes from art, literatures, customs, language and religion. The People’s Republic of China has a vast and rich history that dates back to 2200 BC. China is the third largest nation in the world with the highest point on the planet Earth and the most populated country. China has vast region divest environments from deserts to massive mountain ranges and jungles. The language is more complexes and challenging then mostRead MoreThe European Union And The Peoples Republic Of China1924 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction This year, the European Union and the People s Republic of China celebrate their 40 years anniversary of diplomatic relations with one another. During these years, they have redefined their relationship, they have deepened their mutual understanding and today they share what both sides call a â€Å"strategic partnership†. However, during all these four decades, this profound relationship experienced many difficulties and challenges, until the last two decades, which marked a new era of political

Henry David Thoreau s Civil Disobedience And Ralph Waldo...

The transcendentalist movement of the early 19th century was one that altered American political, philosophical and literary ideas for centuries to come. In fact, the transcendentalist movement is still alive in the modern day: as seen in our societies focus on individualism, nature and sensibility. This paper will discuss the ideas of transcendentalism through the work of Henry David Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience and Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self Reliance by comparing both works finding similarities and differences between them. To truly understand the most important members of the transcendentalist movement, it is first important to understand the basic foundations of their beliefs. Transcendentalists believed that society and social institutions such as organized religion and political parties corrupt the pureness of individuals. The guiding principle of transcendentalism, therefore, is the belief that people are at their best when they are self-reliant and independent. The central beliefs of transcendentalism were in unity between nature and God, the presence of God in each individual. These core beliefs generated others, particularly in individualism and in the self-reliance extolled by Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau. Although Emerson and Thoreau are both transcendentalist and share the same core beliefs, there are differences between them, which will be discussed later in the essay. After analyzing each of their individual essays, I will then discuss theShow MoreRelatedNatural Justice : The Crux Of Transcendentalism And Abolitionism1651 Words   |  7 Pagesyears, with Nat Turner’s 1831 insurrection in Virginia being one of the most notable. Nevertheless, the law didn’t stop dissidents like John Brown in 1859 or Harriet Tubman from committing civil disobedience: in fact, such actions only strengthened the abolitionist movement and increased the likelihood of a civil war. Some of their supporters identified as transc endentalists, or writers and philosophers who believed that by looking to nature, a divine creation, society could solve its problems. InRead MoreRalph Waldo Emersons Connection To Transcendentalism1223 Words   |  5 Pageschosen to write about a Massachusetts-born American poet and essayist Ralph Waldo Emerson who was part of the Transcendentalist movement which geared philosophical thinking that involved viewing women as equal. Philip F. Gura, Transcendentalism and Social Reform, History Now, assessed May 14, 2017, https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/first-age-reform/essays/transcendentalism-and-social-reform. Emerson s support for women s suffrage prompted him to write A Reasonable Reform to promote anti-suffrageRead MoreTranscendentalism : The And The Movement1027 Words   |  5 Pagesmovement occurred during the 1820s, and 1830s. List 5 major authors associated with the movement Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Walt Whitman, Emily Dickinson, Explain what Transcendentalist believed about each of the following topics: Human Nature They were to live independently, all you need is your mind, knowledge is born with. They also believed that an institution isn t necessary, and it s better to live independently. Truth A system of thought based, on a belief of the essential unityRead MoreThe Great Traversers By Ralph Waldo Emerson2868 Words   |  12 Pagesthree transcendental ideas, as presented by Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Henry David Thoreau) In this spirit I have just discovered Emerson. For forty years I have known something about him, of course—that he was a mystical philosopher; the apostle of transcendentalism in America†¦.† (Abbot, lines 9-10). From within the text of the author of this quote, it can be seen the shear praise and gratitude held for a man by the name of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Emerson as mentioned in the quote, is considered toRead MoreEmerson and Thoreau831 Words   |  4 Pagestaken from Thoreau#8217;s quote, #8220;If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer.#8221; Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau changed our lives. How? Well, the answer is not so simple as the statement. To understand fully how they affected our lives, we have to understand the philosophy of Emerson and Thoreau, and the relationship between the two. So let#8217;s begin with the relationship between Emerson and Thoreau. EmersonRead MoreEssay on Emerson And Thoreau811 Words   |  4 Pageswords were taken from Thoreauamp;#8217;s quote, amp;#8220;If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer.; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau changed our lives. How? Well, the answer is not so simple as the statement. To understand fully how they affected our lives, we have to understand the philosophy of Emerson and Thoreau, and the relationship between the two. So letamp;#8217;s begin with the relationshipRead MoreHenry David Thoureaus Civil Disobedience and Walden1668 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout the 1800’s a new movement in literature called Romanticism took place. There were the light Romantics who reflected the good aspect of life and the dark Romantics who reflected to darker aspect in life. Overall, Romanticism focused on optimism and individualism, kinship with nature, and power of darkness. One of the central American light Romantics Ralph Wald Emerson wrote Nature reflects Emerson’s perspective of nature while Self-Reliance expresses Emerson’s opinion about a person’s independenceRead MoreThe Role And Essence Of Nature In Walden By Henry David Thoreau1505 Words   |  7 PagesTranscendentalists believed in several topics including civil disobedience, simplicity, and self-reliance, but one of the most important ideas is that of the role and essence of nature. Transcendentalists like Henry David Thoreau, Ralph Emerson, and Walt Whitman disconnected from society and secluded themselves in nature, and disregarded the superficial characteristics that are so often noted to find a significant meaning in their lives. Henry David Thoreau advocates escaping the instability of society andRead MoreViews On Emerson s And Thoreau2508 Words   |  11 PagesViews on Emerson ´s and Thoreau ´s Works Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau are definitely two of the most influential writers in the 19th century. Thoreau was born in Concord, and Emerson in Boston. They both attended Harvard; Thoreau decided to pursue the career of teaching because of his brothers, while Emerson decided to become a Unitarian minister just like his father. These two writers lived during the transcendentalism period and both of them used this philosophy as way of living theirRead MoreTranscendentalism, An American Philosophy1640 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican philosophers during the early to mid-1800s embraced a new liberal movement known as transcendentalism that posed a silent threat to the current social and political institutions of the time period. Henry David Thoreau acted as the father of this new philosophy that would go on to transform the social structure of America into what it is and is still becoming today. Transcendentalism is an American philosophy that humankind has an innate sense of being and knowledge of the world around

Culture Challenges Faced My Multinational Organization Commerce Essay Free Essays

This sort of averment could be proven believing about Hofstede ‘s cultural dimensions theory. Multinational companies are normally organisations running in extra compared to one part. Businesses get into world-wide market sections so that they can increase their merchandise gross accordingly hiking their ain net incomes, get less expensive manner to obtain natural stuffs every bit good as heighten their portion of the market. We will write a custom essay sample on Culture Challenges Faced My Multinational Organization Commerce Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now ( Ajami and Godard, 2006 ) .Nonetheless, these companies face disputing of making a logical and besides comprehensive organisation civilization. Firm tradition describes forms, values and besides ways of pull offing experiences which produce through the history of the corporation and therefore are followed by all of the associates of the organisation ( Johnston 2008 ) . This peculiar composing displays how Hofstede ‘s cultural dimensions theory describes the civilization differentiation between the two employees through diverse states around the universe. It subsequently is decidedly the argument how multi-national organisations encounter the procedure sing edifice cohesive and besides inclusive organisation tradition. Finally, this provides existent life instances on this issue. Hofstede ‘s cultural dimensions theory shows the competitions Multinational organisations confront with inside pull offing forces through different civilization. He carried out a great IBM study research survey in an attempt to demo an extended sort reasoning people from assorted other civilizations around the universe are likely to differ in sixs dimensions of value. These dimension include Bolshevism, power, uncertainness turning away, temporal orientation, maleness and indulgences ( Johann 2006 ) i »? . This sort of theory demonstrates that the power distance indexes measures the grade of which much less powerful participants in a transnational company recognition and surely anticipate power to be distributed to the people every bit. If the civilizations in a peculiar state is merely backing low power distance, likely the civilization of power dealingss in an organisation will be likely be advisory and democratic ( Onsurd 2007 ) . Therefore, staff would link with one anoth er since equates to irrespective of their peculiar formal places. If the civilization of a part has a higher power distance, so the employees inside a transnational concern might admit power dealingss that are dictatorially and paternalistic. This sort of shows that when multi-national organisations use staff from assortment of national civilisations, they will confront disputing sing developing the cohesive and inclusive tradition due to power distance index. This sort of rule furthermore places the civilization of a provided state on the index associated with Individual versus Collectivism. When the company will be from the state that ideals personal image, it ‘s traveling to tension single accomplishments and personal legal protection under the jurisprudence of their employees. Employees associated with this sort of concern are expected to choose its associations ( Johnston 2008 ) . If the part is from the collectivized civilization, workers would surely move as associates of a natural squad. Furthermore, this peculiar rule puts the peculiar civilization of different states around the universe in a dimension of cohesive group. Furthermore all of this thought places the civilizations of assorted states in a dimension of uncertainness turning away index. All of this index ‘s steps the grade of which member of the society effort to pull off anxiousness by take downing any hurt that they will confront.If the staff is from a state with a high uncertainness turning away, they are able to colored emotional in all their determination ( Turner every bit good as Western 2010 ) . They will ever avoid every bit good as minimize scenarios along together utilizing unfamiliar and uncommon state of affairss. In add-on to this, they carry out their responsibilities really carefully, methodically, sufficient ground for sufficient preparing, subsequent Torahs and ordinances of the modern community. If the staff had been coming via states with low uncertainness tur ning away indexs, employees will be comfy throughout unstructured fortunes or possibly altering environments since they merely stick to regulations which they find appropriate. Additionally, these persons tend to be matter-of-fact and will easy digest alterations. The concluding dimension of the theory will be long run orientation compared to Short-run orientation. If the staff had been from a part that ‘s long-run oriented, they would wholly concentrate read more about the long tally wagess, continuing singular ability to accommodate to the environment. If the forces is really from the short-term orientation state, they are traveling to pay attending to the peculiar beliefs related to old and besides current such as professional solidness and besides value sing house ‘s patterns ( Peipenburg 2011 ) . In the complete drawings of this construct, evidently international companies confront much a batch for extra jobs in constructing an organisation civilization because asso rted states possess different civilizations. There are several statements which could back up the incontestable irrefutable world because multi-national concerns utilize employees from a assortment of national civilizations, they will confront more jobs in developing an organisation tradition compared to home-based states carry out. Within side transnational companies, staff communicates with people from different competitions and besides civilizations. It might be hard to develop a sort of connexion that is accepted every bit good as recognized by all the civilizations ( Burek 2010 ) . This is because a signifier of conversation that ‘s approved in one civilization could be considered unpleasant with inside another civilization. Furthermore, the existent linguistic communication associated with communicating between the staff may be assorted since they come from diverse states. International companies may work out this challenge sing communicating civilization merely by direction about each of their workers on one nomenc lature they would do usage of for organisation communicating. ( Wiseman and Shuter 1994 ) . Another concern which multi-national organisations encounter because of staff via assorted states is international direction. The director should bring forth choices with different state ‘s imposts and besides values ( Mead 2005 ) . The labour Torahs of this state may set up a specific minimum rewards and therefore the existent director ca n’t pay the existent incomes for the organisation ‘s employees that are under bound set by the labor brotherhood. It might be besides hard to organize typical guidelines that are suited through staff coming via assorted civilizations. The transnational concern could work out this sort of challenge associated with world-wide disposal by direction employees coming via different civilizations on the supervising policies and procedures how the company is traveling to be taking on. Furthermore, it ought to educate employees in different direct ion manners in different states in order that they grow to be perceptively assorted and hence have the ability to work in diverse states. ( Gooderham and Nordhaug 2003 ) . It ‘s besides a challenge so that it can carry on international selling in international companies because the employees tend to be coming via different states therefore they ‘ve assorted civilizations. This is because assorted states have assorted types of analyzing consumer wonts and besides making market research ( Okazaki 2012 ) . Additionally, different states target assorted classs of purchasers and possess assorted advertisement methods. Due to this world, it might be hard to carry on world-wide selling and advertisement. Multinational companies can easy rectify this issue merely by developing employees about marketing scheme they are to see taking into consideration the market of the state that they ‘re carry oning their ain operations in ( Czinkota and Ronkainen 2007 ) . There are several existent life instances showing the competitions the multi-national companies face after they employ staff through assorted civilizations. Harmonizing to the research, in the twelvemonth 1994, Peugeot Engine Party invested in Guangzhou and lost around $ 362.5 million dollars money in merely a sum of three old ages merely because they did non accomplish intercultural supervising affecting employees through China and France. It was caused by the fact the existent exile directors are non lament on understanding the tradition sing China ( Wang 2009 ) . The value of understanding the civilizations of legion states may be proved by the proven undeniable thought that Walt Disney ‘s Donald duck provides dedicated to Japan where it truly is known as Tokyo, Japan Disney Land. The account for the success of the company is the fact that it was interested in understanding the existent civilization of the people with inside Japan and went in front so that it can use the exi stent cultural values with the Japanese ‘s people with inside their operations ( Miroshnik 2000 ) Dell Company experienced issues throughout enrolling workers in India since they had diverse calling ends and cultural values with inside the organisation ( Hitt and Hoskisson 2009 ) . Furthermore, the research showed that people in Japan would hold no job puting in a shampoo or conditioner ware utilizing a image of Nipponese misss yet fpeople with inside Russia would hold a job purchasing this peculiar same hair wash with all the misss image. It would therefore coerce the existent selling directors with inside Russia to alter their peculiar advertisement schemes. Decision To reason, it is apparent that merely due to the fact multi-national companies use staff from assortment of civilizations they will face more challenges throughout developing cohesive every bit good as comprehensive civilizations than domestic companies carry out. These jobs may be discussed utilizing Hofstede ‘s cultural dimensions theory. With this theory, Hofstede contended that people coming via different civilizations around the Earth fluctuate in six dimensions worthwhile which include power, Bolshevism, uncertainness turning away, temporal orientation, maleness and indulgence. There are legion grounds exposing the competitions which multi-national concerns confront because of using employees from diverse states. These types of jobs contain transverse cultural communicating, pull offing the international organisations and besides carry oning international selling. These ailments could be solved by instruction the employees on different civilizations of the states that the organisation will be carry oning the operations in. How to cite Culture Challenges Faced My Multinational Organization Commerce Essay, Essay examples

Design IT for Understand - Improve and Apply- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theDesign IT for Understand, Improve and Apply. Answer: The term blog is a short form which is used to refer to a weblog. It is a website which has published information that is on the World Wide Web. A blog is a very useful resource in helping to track and record the activities in which an individual does. A blog can also help an individual in nurturing their reflection and writing skills. If an individual can nurture these skills they will be able to become good writers and communicators as they talk or refer to a specific issue. The will also be able to remember and reflect on various experiences in which they have undergone and learning from them. This week deliverables were to define and understand blogs and why they are needed to aid in reflection. All the blogs will build up on each other to ensure they give a descriptive view of the whole venture. A blog can help an individual share their own personal experience in referring to a specific issue or topic. A blog enables individuals to detail the learning objectives which they are able to achieve throughout the course of this unit. In the beginning of the unit the lessons were very inspiring. As expected they would be since it was a new unit. The surprising thing was that the information we acquired as the weeks went by became more interesting. This unit was one of the founding factors which led me to begin my entrepreneurial journey. This week was all about the introduction part of the unit and what we expected to learn would be detailed. The critical thinking lecture was one of these ground breaking lectures in my journey. Critical analysis is the process of going through every possible scenario when presented with a problem to find a viable solution. Critical analysis is a very important skill in trying to find a viable solution to a specific problem. In critical analysis the goals or purpose of the process is to come up with a feasible judgment to a problem. Logical and rational thinking is utilized in critical analysis to ensure it is an effective process. Thinking logically is all about ensuring that your thought process is practical and can be possible to actualize (Visser, 2006). During the course of the unit I was able to utilize my critical thinking and analysis skills by observing what challenges were being faced by my fellow students. After doing a brainstorming session with some students to identify the problems in which they faced I discovered that most students were having problems as they did their assignments. The level of support and guidance in which students usually get as they are doing their assignments is lacking (Beinecke, 2009). I analyzed the problem and decided that I would be in an ideal position to provide a solution to the students with this issue in which they faced. I embarked on a journey of understanding the problem and how it would be solved. I utilized all the critical lessons we were taught on design thinking and entrepreneurship to make the whole venture a success. Design thinking is the utilization of creativity and creative processes to come up with solutions to specific problems (Brown, 2008). It is utilized with the designers methods and sensibility to match feasible solutions to the problems which individuals may face. Design thinking is a solution based approach which focuses on practicality in reaching creative solutions to specific problems. Design thinking focuses and bases use of critical thinking and analysis to ensure that a feasible solution is obtained to specific problems. Problem solving is a venture which involves a lot of critical thinking and is therefore an engaging and interesting venture. The design thinking process encourages divergent thinking which is whereby the individuals focusing on the process after achieving their problem definition are able to source out all the possible ways in which they problem can be solved. After this convergent thinking is employed whereby out of all the possible ways to solve a problem a specific one is chosen which is the most viable choice (Dorst Nigel, 2001). In the course of the semester I was able to identify a problem which faced the students. I decided to solve the problem by utilizing the design thinking process to achieve a viable solution. I defined the problem which was all about students not having enough support as they worked on their assignments. I researched to identify whether there were many students who faced the same issue and the number was quite high. The possible solutions to solve the problem were researched on. I decided to settle on coming up with a messaging platform where students would be able to communicate with each other and assist each other in their assignments. The platform was the best viable option because most of the students had access to a phone and they would be able to brainstorm with each other as long as they had access to the internet (Plattner, Meinel Leifer, 2011). The messaging platform was then developed. After this the messaging platform was tested on a few students who would use it frequently as they undertook their assignments. The last stage was learning from the whole process. Most students did not refute the fact that the internet had been of help to them as they undertook their assignments but the messaging platform helped them to get the needed guidance and coaching from fellow students and lecturers. I was also able to learn why some students did not adopt to using the platform because it did not support the desktop or web application format. This provided good feedback for improvement in the endeavor. My problem solving skills were tested as I came up with the messaging platform and I was able to learn new principles which led me to believe that learning is a lifelong process. Entrepreneurship is a process in which a new business is designed, launched and brought to operation. These kinds of business usually begin as small businesses which are out to solve a problem (Crainer Des, 2000). They later may grow based on the impact and applicability they have on their clientele. The whole process of starting a business revolves around satisfying a specific need or solving a specific problem. In the semester that passed I was able to identify a problem in which my fellow students had a hard time while they were working on their assignments. They would sometimes get lost or confused as they did their assignments which led them to attain lower grades. The solution to the problem was the implementation of a messaging platform in which the students would get help from fellow students and coaches as they attempted to do their assignments (Zhang Cuete, 2015). The business aspect in the venture was to solve the problem in which the students had and make a profit while at it (Landstorm, 2007). The adoption of the solution by some students displayed that indeed it was a viable solution to a problem that they faced. The business framework behind it was to charge the students a membership fee so that they would gain continuous real time access to the messaging platform. The coaches and lecturers would get to be paid a small fee for input of their professional knowledge in solving the problems which had been posted. There were a fair number of students who subscribed to the service helping the business make a profit (Ramoglou, Tsang et al., 2016). The project was not widely known to many students and there was a need to continue marketing the business and its benefits to students and other stakeholders so that it would grow and enable the business to grow. Through the whole process I was able to learn a lot both from the knowledge acquired in the unit and application of the knowledge I had to a real world scenario. Entrepreneurship is indeed a worthwhile venture for those who are willing to take a risk and venture into it (Yetisen, Volpatti, Coskun, Cho, Kamrani et al., 2015). It entails a lot of uncertainty and is for those who are willing to survive under such harsh conditions to make it. It also entails a lot of failure and learning experiences. Entrepreneurs are individuals who should be open to a lot of advice, coaching and entrepreneurship. They should be individuals who wish to become entrepreneurs, be teachable and willing to learn for them to improve and grow in their business. The various blogs in detail build up through the twelve weeks in which I was able to undertake the course. Through every week I was able to work very hard and take a positive approach in ensuring that I achieved the required knowledge to come up with a solution that would be viable as a business. The process of design thinking was a very interesting methodology to use in coming up with solutions. Entrepreneurship is also a fulfilling task because it is a fast paced venture which involves the entrepreneur being on their toes and having problem solving skills which enables them to come up with viable solutions as they grow the economy. References Beinecke R. (2009). Leadership for Wicked Problems. The Innovation Journal. pp. 1-7. Brown T. (2008). Design Thinking. Harvard Business Review. Dorst K. Nigel C. (2001). Creativity in the design process: Co-evolution of problem-solution. Design Studies. 22(5): 425-437. Plattner H, Meinel C. Leifer L. J. (2011). Design thinking: understand, improve, apply. Understanding innovation. Springer. Visser W. (2006). The cognitive artifacts of designing. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Crainer S. Des D. (2000). Generation Entrepreneur. FT Press. p.202 Landstorm H. (2007). Pioneers in Entrepreneurship and Small Business Research. Springer. Ramoglou S., Tsang E. W. K. et al. (2016). A realistic perspective of entrepreneurship: Opportunities as propensities. Academy of Management Review. 41(3): 409-434. Yetisen A. K., Volpatti L. R., Coskun A. F., Cho S., Kamrani E. et al. (2015). Entrepreneurship. Lab Chip. 15(18): 3638-60. Zhang S. X. Cuete J. (2015). The Study of Bias in Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. 41(3): 419-454

G20 Essay free essay sample

All citizens of Canada have freedom and are entitled to rights. Canadian citizens can fight for their rights as long as they do it peacefully because violence is not necessary in a protest. Protests are held to express your concern. Canada has one of the greatest law enforcements. The police in our Country/city try to maintain the peace giving 100% to keep our country/city safe and peaceful. These police officers have the rights to protect citizens by any means necessary. If the protests get out of hand there are police officers to maintain the peace. Secondly, there are police officers to prevent people from vandalizing. Finally, there are police officers to protect people even if they are abused. Police officers have the rights to protect citizens by any means necessary because they care about our safety. â€Å"More than 400 people were arrested as violence broke out after thousands of anti-G20 protesters marched through downtown Toronto on Saturday prompting police to use tear gas in the city for the first time ever. We will write a custom essay sample on G20 Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page †[Pg. 1] Police officers care about the people’s safety because they are trained to serve and protect the country. Without police officers the country will be overcome with crime and chaos. Police officers are the reason why there is peace and freedom in our country. The G20 protesters caused a riot and nearly destroyed downtown, Toronto. More than 400 people were arrested which showed there were a lot of illegal activities going on. The officers made many arrests so that the people causing chaos don’t affect the peaceful protesters. Many illegal activities prompted the police officers to use tear gas in the city for the first time ever. Tear gas was used to settle the protesters down so it was safer. â€Å"There were some, tense moments, â€Å"said CBC reporter Steven D’souza. More than a dozen police on horseback were also on the scene†. [Pg. 4] Many illegal activities were going on and police officers were all over the place for people’s safety. More than a dozen were on horse backs, to show people they are there for their safety. â€Å"On the eve of the big summit, G20 protesters are complaining bitterly about all the security- the helicopters, the water cannons, the ugly fence, and the countless cops. What they fail to acknowledge is that most of it would be wholly unnecessary if they simply agreed to renounce violence, something they consistently refuse to do. † [Pg. 7] G20 protesters do not realize why so many law enforcements were used. If there were no illegal activities and chaos occurring they would have not used this much force. Without police officers the G20 would have been a total mess with cars being torched and buildings damaged. The police officers were there for the citizen’s safety and many law enforcements were used to keep the public safe. Vandalism is unnecessary in any sort of protest. The G20 had many people vandalizing public properties, such as stores restaurants and cars. The police officer protected the citizens by any means necessary. â€Å"Four police vehicles were set ablaze, stores and bank windows were smashed and much of the area was put under security lock down. The integrated security unit said 412 people were arrested. † [Pg. 1] Vandalism is unnecessary in a protest because vandalism only causes more problems to solve. The G20 is like any other protest, a group of people expressing their concern out with boards and signs. The G20 had many officers, to protect everybody, but there were also many people that were vandalizing cars, stores, and banks. Vandalism encourages and increases the amount of law enforcements because the police officers cannot control the protesters without more backup. â€Å"Earlier, the black-clad protesters smashed up a police cruiser and smashed its windshield along Queen Street, as other demonstrator’s huried bottles and sticks at a solid line of riot police†. [Pg. 9] The protesting group â€Å"Black-Clad† smashed a police cruiser and vandalized the car. There were also other groups that vandalized. There were also many peaceful protesters that did not vandalize and were there to express their cause. Vandalism was unnecessary for the G20 protesters because it causes conflicts. â€Å"As police donned gas masks and mounted units rode into the city’s core on horses, the violent protesters let garbage on fire and flipped over recycling containers. They also smashed vehicles in and grabbed stones from nearby homes†. [Pg. 9] G20 protesters found ways to exceed the given boundaries to get what they want by causing chaos. If police cruisers were not enough, the protesters moved to garbage cans and recycling bins to set on fire. The protesters are only vandalizing there city of Toronto, where they live. Many of the G20 protesters abused the police officers, but the police officers did their job and protected the citizens. â€Å"Moments later, another standoff occurred a few blocks west, where protesters reportedly tossed sticks at police and chanted â€Å"let us go. † [Pg. 9] The police officers did their job effectively, which was to protect the citizens by any means necessary. But the protesters never did what they were supposed to. This was to peacefully protest without causing chaos. The officer’s were abused as sticks and rocks were thrown at them. But the police officers did their job by protecting all the citizens even after they were abused. â€Å"Heavily armed riot police are attempting to clear crowds out of downtown Tor onto, several hours after â€Å"Black-Clad† vandals through the city in protest of the G20 summit. †[Pg. 8] The â€Å"Black-Clad† protesting group caused chaos. The riot police officers wanted to clear out the area so there would be less chaos. The crowd was not cooperating with the riot police when they tried to clear out the G20 summit protesters. â€Å"Police repeatedly moved toward groups of demonstrators to move them back. At one point, many protesters were arrested. †[Pg. 1] Police officers tried moving the group’s back to keep the place clear and fewer riots. At one point the protesters were arrested because they abused the police officers and did not cooperate with the police officers request. Police officers have the rights to protect citizens by any means necessary because of citizen’s safety, vandalism and abusing police. Citizen’s safety is important to officers because there duty is to keep all citizens safe and not cause a riot. Officers made arrest for the people that caused vandalism because breaking public property and torching vehicles only cause a riot. When a riot is caused there’s going to be more forces involved and the officers need to protect private properties and innocent citizens. Protesters abusing police officers is not going to stop them from protecting them because police officers will protect citizens good or bad no matter how much they get abused.

Assignment HR 2015 Essays - Laws Of War, Free Essays, Term Papers

Assignment HR 2015 Essays - Laws Of War, Free Essays, Term Papers There is a lot of misunderstanding about the principle of proportionality. It has to do with minimizing civilian casualties and damage to civilian property; it has nothing to do with equality of arms, nor with comparing the number of casualties on each side. 2 In other words, known broadly, as the principle that when attacking military objectives belligerents must make sure that any collateral damage to civilians is not out of proportion to the military. The principle of proportionality has also been found by the ICRC to form part of customary international law in international and non-international armed conflicts. It is clear that the Yugoslav Tribunal is of the opinion that (a) a rule of proportionality exists in customary international law and (b) that its formulation is in accordance with that proposed in Protocol I. Hensel, Howard M., ed. Legitimate Use of Military Force. Abingdon, Oxon, GBR: Ashgate Publishing Group, 2008. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 23 November 2015. Copyright 2008. Ashgate Publishing Group. All rights reserved. The principle of proportionality, as in Rule 14 of the ICRC Rules, is expressed as a rule of prohibition. Hensel, Howard M., ed. Legitimate Use of Military Force. Abingdon, Oxon, GBR: Ashgate Publishing Group, 2008. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 22 November 2015. Copyright 2008. Ashgate Publishing Group. All rights reserved. Nowadays, customary international law recognizes the principle of proportionality. 47 In the words of Judge Higgins, in her Dissenting Opinion in the NuclearWeapons Advisory Opinion: The principle of proportionality, even if finding no specific mention, is reflected in many provisions of Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions of 1949. Thus even a legitimate target may not be attacked if the collateral civilian casualties would be disproportionate to the specific military gain from the attack. 48 It must be appreciated that a military objective does not cease being a military objective on account of the disproportionate collateral civilian casualties. The principle of proportionality provides a further restriction by disallowing attacks against impeccable military objectives owing to anticipated disproportionate injury and damage to civilians or civilian objects. 49 Dinstein, Yoram. Conduct of Hostilities under the Law of International Armed Conflict. West Nyack, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press, 2004. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 22 November 2015. Copyright 2004. Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved. Hensel, Howard M., ed. Legitimate Use of Military Force. Abingdon, Oxon, GBR: Ashgate Publishing Group, 2008. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 22 November 2015. . Military manuals which are applicable in or have been applied in noninternational armed conflicts specify the principle of proportionality in attack.19 Many States have adopted legislation making it an offence to violate the principle of proportionality in attack in any armed conflict. 20 In theMilitary Junta case in 1985, the National Appeals Court of Argentina considered the principle of proportionality in attack to be part of customary international law. 21 There are also a number of official statements pertaining to armed conflicts in general or to non-international armed conflicts in particular that refer to this rule. 22 The pleadings of States before the International Court of Justice in the Nuclear Weapons case referred to above were couched in general terms applicable in all armed conflicts. The jurisprudence of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and a report of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights provide further evidence of the customary nature of this rule in non international armed conflicts. 23 No official contrary practice was found with respect to either international or non-international armed conflicts. Alleged violations of the principle of proportionality in attack have generally been condemned by States. 24 The United Nations and other international organisations have also condemned such violations, for example, in the context of the conflicts in Chechnya, Kosovo, the Middle East and the former Yugoslavia. 25 The ICRC has reminded parties to both international and non-international Armed conflicts of their duty to respect the principle of proportionality in attack. 26 have shown, the obligation to distinguish whether a target is civilian in nature continues to be upheld in instances where combatants are located within the civilian population. These examples demonstrate that the principle of distinction is a necessary component of IHL, as the principle acts as a mechanism for holding violators to account during judicial proceedings. However, as the final section of this paper will argue, in order for this principle to be effective, greater enforcement efforts must be made

The rights-based approach and carbon taxes in Australia Assignment

The rights-based approach and carbon taxes in Australia - Assignment Example The concept finds its roots in the United Nations, and is predicated on the theory that â€Å"human rights determine the relationship between individuals and groups with valid claims (rightsholders) and State and non-state actors with correlative obligations (duty-bearers).† (UNICEF, 2004: 92). Its adoption by the United Nations as the framework by which its pursues its interventions is significant, in that it heralds a shift from a needs-based approach, i.e., looking at what people need, to looking at what people have an absolute inalienable right to, by virtue of being human. (Alston, 2003: 7). A rights-based approach imposes a duty on the State to uphold this right as a function of the social contract, whereas a â€Å"need-based† approach may not necessarily so. Central therefore to the RBA is the re-emergence of the state and governance as a central element in development (Baxi, 2005: 2), through a focus on the interrelation between the state and its citizens in ter ms of duties and rights. (Boesen and Martin, 2007: 9). We now proceed to looking at the carbon tax issue, a controversial issue that has been the subject of much controversy and debate in Australia. The carbon tax is basically a levy that the government intends to impose on corporations that release carbon into the atmosphere. According to Nielson (2010: 7), â€Å"in theory, environmentally related taxes should be set at a level equal to the external environmental cost of a particular product or activity.† Essentially, this means that the cost to the environment is computed into the cost of manufacturing a commodity so as to create disincentives for â€Å"dirty companies† using environmentally-unsustainable technologies.... The RBA presupposes a social contract between the rights claim-holders and the state that has a duty to uphold these rights. Amartya Sen (1999) is a key thinker in this philosophy of â€Å"entitlements† – human beings have inalienable rights to demand from the state all that he or she needs to be enhance his or her capabilities. In a sense, the RBA places a special bias on the poor and the marginalized, upon the recognition that it is them whose rights are the most vulnerable. To quote, â€Å"The underlying structural, social and political drivers of poverty, vulnerability and inequality have to be addressed in the context of a broad development strategy, in which social protection plays an important part. (van Ginneken, 2011: 3). What does this have to do with carbon taxes? The obligation of the state in this case is the obligation to maintain and promote a clean and healthy environment for its constituents. Study after study have demonstrated that climate change will affect the poor and the ordinary wage-earners the most (see for example, McGuigan, et. al., 2002) and hence, the state has a duty to protect them and ensure the sustainability of the environment and the availability of natural resources for generations to come. The rate of pollution being emitted in the atmosphere has debilitating effects on water sanitation, agriculture, etc. When resources are scarce, the prices of the resources or the commodities made from these resources jack up – and these fluctuations in prices affect the most vulnerable in society. Hence, there is no denying that ordinary people are compromised the most by climate change – ordinary people who have inalienable rights to live healthily and raise their

Miranda Warnings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Miranda Warnings - Essay Example (Means 2007:73) If this warning would have been read at the scene, you would have realized that the boy could not speak English. You still could have taken the boy into custody, but refrain from asking questions. If you recognized the language, a radio transmission to downtown would have allowed for a translator to be on hand upon your arrival. This suspect must voluntarily waive their Miranda rights before questioning can proceed and understand them (Miranda v. Arizona). The ability to voluntarily waive Miranda rights orally and in writing must be done with understanding. If a person does not understand their right to an attorney without charge, that violates their Miranda rights. Even if they are not confessing or talking, the person needs to understand their right to an attorney due to the third Miranda right. Thus before this suspect, which you state was arrested, can be booked they must be read their rights. If the boy is underage, which was not established due to the language, a good faith effort to find a parent or guardian must take place. When the family member arrives at the police station, an effort to find the parent or guardian must be completed. The family relative can provide the age of the defendant. Even if the boy is underage, the Miranda rights must be given and understood. Ferdico, Fradella, and Totten (2008:724) reports that a suspect must understand and waive their rights. The guardian/relative and boy must understand that a lawyer will be provided for free. The third Miranda right give suspects the right to a lawyer even if poor. The reason a parent/guardian of a suspect needs to know this right is to protect the suspect. If a parent/guardian thinks that they will have to pay for an attorney, they might counsel the boy to talk to avoid paying for counsel. That could be ammunition for a good defense attorney. The boy must understand that an attorney will not burden his family. That is his third

Market structure Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Market structure - Research Paper Example This implies that product differentiation exists and each one is capable of satisfying divergent consumer needs. Barriers to entry are few thus explaining why the competitors are many in number (Makiw, 2008). The oligopolistic market structure is one in which a small number of players operate, and they can control the market. Usually, these players are large enough and account for a substantial market share. They make decisions interdependently and are highly motivated by the need to cooperate. Therefore, players exert a degree of control over market conditions. Furthermore, this model is characterized by many barriers to entry. A monopoly is a market in which only a single producer exists. The person is therefore capable of exercising considerable control over the market. Products sold do not have close substitutes thus prompting consumers to stick to them. Normally, the monopoly thrives in water distribution, electricity and gas industries. Barriers to entry are also quite high. 2. Real life example of a market structure in my local city A Shell retail outlet is an example of an oligopolistic market in my city. The organization has relatively few competitors in the gas pump market. Retail outlets may be high in number but the number of companies controlling those outlets is relatively few. Furthermore, Shell is a large company that accounts for about 20% of the market share. This degree of concentration in the oil retail industry makes Shell gullible to collusions with its rivals. For a number of times, the company has been accused of setting artificial prices that do not relate to world oil prices. Regardless, the organization’s products are often sold for a price that is relatively close to market rates. In oligopolistic markets, this is typical for many organizations as competition based on price could lead to inefficiencies. Barriers to trade are also substantial as certain restrictions exist. Shell has control over oil as a natural resource. It is also a vertically integrated firm in which other aspects of oil production take place. The facilities and equipment needed to carry out this work are quite expensive. Therefore, new entrants would not have the economies of scale needed to make significant profits in the market. They would have to raise their prices in order to cover production costs, yet this would drive away consumers who would seek inespensice alternatives. Shell also enjoys large revenue streams from its elaborate business model. Therefore, it is likely that a competitor interested in entering the market would have difficulties advertising or matching Shell’s marketing expenditure (Frank and Bernanke, 2009). 3. How high entry barriers into markets influence long run profitability Entry barriers may come in the form of patents, government licensing, benefits that accrue from economies of scale or resource control. Industries with high entry barriers will not have many alternative suppliers. Therefore, mark et forces will be weakened. Profitability will mostly depend on the supply side of the equation. Usually, when a seller sets their prices, they normally do this on the basis of their costs. Marginal costs refer to those additional expenditures incurred when a seller makes an additional item. In markets with low entry barriers, sellers will price their commodities on the basis of

Imagery Of Madame Bovary

Imagery Of Madame Bovary In many forms of literature, authors use symbols as a representation of interpretive meaning. In Gustave Flauberts novel, Madame Bovary (1856), one of the major achievements is the excellent use of symbolism. Many of the moral values throughout the novel lie within the use of symbols, which are the elements in the narrative that communicate the rich values over and above their literal meanings (Dauner 1). The apparent purpose of the author is to paint pictures with words, bringing scenes and settings alive with the astonishing use of descriptions. Flauberts descriptions are often built up like pictures, from left to right of background to foreground, occasionally even moving through the senses, from sound and smell to touch and sight (Levi 235). Through the use of symbolism, this novel appeals to the senses of idealists. Flaubert uses the garden as a symbol throughout his work that affects the main character, Emma, and implies certain connotations other than its literal meaning. In P art I of the novel, this symbol is presented repeatedly with rich association. Throughout Part I, the Tostes section of Emmas life, the garden appears four different times. It first appears after Emma marries Charles and has seats made around the sundial in the garden. This not only represents her initiative, but also her early stages of romanticism. Later, after she has realized the difference between her vision of Romance from the novels in which she has read, and the marriage to a man that is satisfied with his middle-class lifestyle and has no desire to ascend into higher social class, she begins to go to the garden by moonlight and tries to make herself fall in love with Charles, while singing passionate poems and singing melancholy. The garden now functions as a character symbol, representing Emmas ambition and her bourgeois romanticism. The garden also plays a major role at Vaubyessard. During the ball, Emma looks out the window which opens to the garden, where she then sees peasants peering in from the garden, their faces pressed against the glass (Flaubert 1067). From the garden, her memory of the past seems to be as remote to her present as her actual present is remote for this single night of wealth and society. According to Clive James, this is the scene that awakes Emmas dangerous taste for the high life (3). For this night, Flaubert explains to the reader, [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] had opened a breach in her life, like one of those great crevasses that a storm can tear across the face of a mountain in the course of a single night (1070). Now, the garden creates a type reference in time and character, embracing past, present, and future. Emma is not as she was nor how she will be. The final appearance in Tostes is represented as a pure mood mirror (Dauner 2). There was no sounds of birds, everything seemed to be sleeping- the espaliered trees under their straw, the vi ne like a great sick snake under the wall coping, where she could see many legged wood lice crawling as she came near (Flaubert 1074). Here, the garden is used as an objective to Emmas self-pitying of her marriage. Later in the novel, the garden also plays an important role in the fulfillment of Emmas destiny. Later, the garden appears at least seven times in the fulfillment of Emmas destiny. Because of Emmas taste for a higher lifestyle, she develops bad health that persuades Charles to move from Tostes to Yonville, where she meets Leon, the young clerk at the notarys. They soon become attracted to each other through their romantic interests. One day, Leon accompanies Emma on a walk to see her infant, who is with the wet nurse. On their way back to Yonville, Emma becomes tired and takes Leons arm. Next, they pass by The garden walls, their copings bristling with broken bits of bottles, were as warm as the glass of a greenhouse. Wallflowers had taken root between the bricks; and as she passed, the edge of Madame Bovarys open parasol crumbled some of their faded flowers into yellow dust; or an overhanging branch of honeysuckle or clematis would catch in the fringe and cling for a moment to the silk (Flaubert 1093). The two then spoke for a brief moment, but Their eyes were full of more mean ingful talk; and as they made themselves utter banalties they sensed the same languor invading them both (Flaubert 1093). Through the objective details of the author and with Emmas apparent purposeful violation of the wallflowers with her sunshade, Flaubert may have been employing an underlying sexual tone that relates to both the concept of the garden and the tension of the walk, which may also be foreshadowing Emmas affair with Leon. Emma herself is a kind of wallflower-emotionally untouched (James 5). Soon after Leon leaves for Rouen, Emmas thought revives her happiness of the [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] afternoons by themselves in the garden! He had read aloud to her, bareheaded on a rustic bench, the cool wind from the meadows ruffling the pages of his book and the nasturtiums on the arborà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. And now he was gone, the one bright spot in her life, her one possible hope of happiness! (Flaubert 1110). The garden now acts as the physical force that creates Emmas emotion. Later, w hen Leon comes back from Rouen to visit her, it is behind the garden that she meets him, as she had previously done with Rudolphe. The garden continues to play an important part of Emmas life up until the point of her death. Emma soon becomes disgusted with the garden because of the memory in which it evokes. She then develops a type of sickness for the garden and keeps her blinds in the house down on that particular side so that she will not have to see it. At this point, the garden functions simply as a symbol of memory and mood. Finally, after Emmas death, it is in the garden that the reader finds Charles, [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] with his head leaning back against the wall, his eyes closed, his mouth open; and there was a long lock of black hair in his hands (Flaubert 1249). The author uses the garden in this instance as a symbol of tragic irony. According to James Panero, Symbolism has always been stronger in its literary rather than graphic forms (3). Through examining the work of Flaubert, and his superb use of symbols and vivid descriptions, one could conclude this assumption to be true. Flaubert revolutionized fiction with his use of point of view to provide multiple images to provoke symbolic meanings (Smothers 3). Flaubert uses the garden as a poetic symbol in a variety of ways throughout his novel. It moves from the lighter tone of a character to assuming darker qualities that foreshadow Emmas increasing involvements. The garden also carries a sexual connotation and often becomes a thematic symbol. It would not be a far stretch to say that the garden in this novel has become a conventional symbol, meaning that people have to come to accept it as standing for something other than its literal meaning (Barnet 212).

Crime Of Passion By Barbara Hu :: Barbara Hu Crime Of Passion

The essay â€Å"A Crime of Compassion† was written by Barbara Huttmann. A story of love, dedication, moral values, and a nurse who loved her job and her patients very dearly. One of her patients was a young police officer who had been diagnosed with lung cancer. Within six months time, he had lost his youth, two of his five senses and his ability to do anything for himself. He had stopped breathing numerous times, and each time he was resuscitated. Eventually the pain became unbearable and he begged for God to take him. Being resuscitated wasn’t what he wanted anymore, he wanted to die. This nurse with so much love and so much knowledge relieved him of his pain and let him die. The public and the hospital then scolded her. She was labeled a murderer. The author’s use of description was very detailed and very real. Reading this essay was like watching it on television. Every sentence was described with so much depth; there was no need to imagine the scenery or the excitement of the hospital. The healthy police officer was described as a young, witty macho cop with thirty-two pounds of attack equipment. When reading this, the vision of a man in a blue uniform with his gun and walkie-talkie enters the mind. When the man had been diagnosed with lung cancer he was described as a sixty pound skeleton being kept alive by liquid food poured down a tube. The code blues were described horrifically. He stopped breathing two to three times a day, and every time he stopped he was resuscitated. â€Å"The nurses stayed to wipe away the saliva that drooled from his mouth, irrigate the big craters of bedsores that covered his hips, suction the lung fluids that threatened to drown him, clean the feces that burned his skin†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He was going through an agonizing ordeal, and he was being kept alive unnaturally. The pain he was enduring was far too much for any human or any animal to sustain.

Experiment with Diffusion Essay

Introduction The movement of molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of less concentration is called Diffusion. Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from an area with greater concentration of water to an area with less concentration. A Hypertonic Solution is a solution of a higher concentration of solutes and a smaller concentration of water molecules than another solution. However, an Isotonic Solution is a solution that contains an equal concentration of solutes and of water molecules, the same as another solution. A solution that contains a lower concentration of solutes and a higher concentration of water molecules than another solution is called a Hypotonic Solution. A cell that has a Selectively Permeable Membrane has a plasma membrane that allows certain substances to pass through more readily than others. From this I have come up with a hypothesis of what will happen with the 2 bags. The one containing fresh water and put into salt water will lose weight, based on a Hypertonic Solution stated above. However, the bag containing salt water and put in fresh water will gain weight based on the Hypotonic Solution also stated above. Procedure 1.First we folded one side of the membrane-like bag we were given and tied it shut over the folded part. 2.Then we filled it 2/3 full of freshwater and tied the other end shut, and weighed it. 3.Next we weighed it and put the bag into the saltwater. 4.After that, we did Steps 1, 2, and 3, except, we filled the bag 2/3 full with saltwater, weighed it, and put it into freshwater. 5.After about 30 minutes we went back and took both bags out and weighed them. Results Before we placed the bags in the salt and fresh water we weighed them. The bag filled with freshwater weighed 18.3 grams and the bag containing the saltwater weighed about 23.9 grams. After they had soaked in their rightful waters for about half an hour we weighed them again. The freshwater weighed 16.2 grams and had sustained an 8.9% decrease of weight. The saltwater weighed 25.1 grams and had attained a 9.5% increase of weight. Conclusion Well, the freshwater bag lost weight through the Hypertonic Solution theorem. Because there was no salt in it, the fresh water left the cell to mix with the salt outside its cell. No salt molecules could get in, in return. The saltwater bag had gained weight during the 30 minute time period. It had done this through the Hypotonic Solution theorem. The freshwater outside the bag(cell) had entered it because there weren’t many water molecules inside the cell. Causing the bag filled with saltwater to gain weight.

Motorola Case Study Essays

Motorola Case Study Essays Motorola Case Study Paper Motorola Case Study Paper Case Study Analysis: Motorola, Inc. Upon analysis of the Motorola Corporation, many opportunities have been identified in the external environment to both boost Motorola back into elite status in terms of the phone industry and further extend its long history of technology advancement and innovation. WiMax and the potential market surrounding it present the most promising business venture for Motorola. Heavy investments have been injected into WiMax , which has enabled Motorola to have the technology readily available for vendors to roll out. With the exponential growth and need for high speed communication, especially in rural or undeveloped areas, this venture holds the potential to for a dynamic impact on the technology world. This would play a key role for industries which outsource to other countries for cheaper labor in providing the necessary communication capacity needed for efficient business operations. In the American market alone, given the federal push to provide high-speed communication to out of reach environments, the potential for success is very high. With the respective partnership with Sprint-Nextel communications and Verizon TV, it can be a major player in the market by rolling out the technology on a broad scale using the existing market base. The rapidly growing cell phone market, specifically in the Asian market, holds another strong opportunity to re-penetrate the market and once again become the leading player. The exponential growth of users opens avenues to meet different consumer need, creating niche markets with the potential to secure a large sector of the market. Improved television and sound is yet another opportunity Motorola can capitalize on. Quality transmission of digital information is one of the heaviest researched sectors in today’s market. New improvements are constantly being sought and developed to keep a competitive edge in the highly competitive industry. Some of the same opportunities pose threats if not carefully executed. Because of the rapidly changing technology environment, Motorola can be left in the shuffle by not being a front runner, essentially resulting in being viewed as a lackluster company that â€Å"once was. In the same sense, Motorola can possibly make faulty investments based off projected market favor, only to have the technology become obsolete given the rapid turnover rate of new technology. Regarding high speed data communication, the cost of technology and implementation may not prove beneficial if the areas invested in do not pick up on the technology. It becomes a gamble when new options enter t he market competing against various technologies. The loyal customer base of Apple is one of the single most threats that affect Motorola. Apple’s market share has steadily increased since the introduction of the iPhone, which counters the possibility of gaining significant momentum in the mobile communications sector. Apple has also ventured beyond computing and is currently exploring HDTV, internet, data storage, to name a few, which further adds to the threat level Apple poses. One of the most prudent strengths of the Motorola is the brand itself. Motorola has a history of innovation, competitive market presence, and resourceful business ties. The introduced what without debate one of the most popular phones of the last decade, and arguably of all time. The name has become synonymous with technology across the board. The name still holds its weight, which in turn keeps the possibility of market dominance alive. Motorola’s two-way communications technology is highly recognized and used across many industries. It has by far become the industry standard with the advanced technology, which has been incorporated into Sprint-Nextel. The strength of the company lies in its ability to create marketable products that appeal to consumers across a broad spectrum. It has being a considerable major player in the technology based sector since the technology boom began. Additionally, Motorola possess a gift for is strategically acquiring partnerships. This keeps Motorola in the front line of technology, even if it is not a direct venture by the company. Motorola’s promotional techniques have also proven to be one of their strongest attributes. The have successfully pushed multiple products into the spotlight and have secured significant market share as a result. Motorola’s weakness is its pace of technology introduction. They have slipped from being the â€Å"first† to simply being a â€Å"worthy competitor† down the line. With the RAZR, Motorola was the first to bring a slim, stylish mobile communicator with an early version of web browsing. Now, the company is taking existing technology and is using it to gain market share. The lack of recognition for uniqueness is one weakness that has kept them from there once held throne. The incorporation of the new technology smart phone and the existing two-way communications capabilities can lure buyers, specifically the corporate market, who wants the best of both. One advantage of Motorola’s strategic options is that a competitive edge can be gained by focusing on customer need. Refocusing on the customer would put Motorola in the position to directly address the needs of their customers, which in turn establishes loyalty and a â€Å"culture† with the customers. Another advantage is seeing and addressing the need for high speed data communications. The WiMax provides a viable solution, without adding the expense and time involved in installing hard lines across a vast area to meet the needs of few. Limiting the number of operating systems also helps the company, by preventing oversaturation of the brand, and having lackluster software on the devices causing brand damage. The disadvantages of the strategic options are loss of potential market because of limited operating system dealings and possible overinvestment in a product that may not take to the mass or may become obsolete by introduction of an improved product. The corporation’s strategy and organizational structure should be designed to incorporate innovation and customer needs in a sense of where it’s going or where it can be taken to as opposed to where it exist. It should be designed to take the company’s proven technology, incorporated with new technology, to create products that are stand-a-part from the current market. The company should have â€Å"heads† of the sort for each operational branch of the company. This design would allow Motorola to better isolate the successful and underachieving sectors in order to eliminate non-productive parts of the business.

Management development techniques Small businesses

Management development techniques Small businesses Abstract Management development is a very essential aspect in today’s corporate world given the increase in competition and the need for quality products and services. The paper looks at various management development strategies that can be applied by small businesses in their quest to ensure that the highest productivity is attained.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Management development techniques: Small businesses specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, advantages and disadvantages of various strategies are outlined because these are very essential when choosing which strategy to use. The paper specifically focuses on small businesses, which are mostly faced with a lot of challenges when deciding on a proper plan of action to be implemented. Besides explaining management development techniques available for small businesses, the paper provides factors that should be considered before agreeing wh ich development strategy to adopt. Introduction Every organization aims at attaining the highest standards in the market. This involves continuously upgrading the processes used to run day-to-day activities of a firm. Systems have to be advanced to keep abreast of the constantly changing customer demand. Similarly, technology needs to be updated to ensure that most current innovations are in place at any given time. Moreover, employees need to be often trained in order to advance their skills and enrich their knowledge so that maximum output can be achieved from them. However, much as all this needs to be done, it should be noted that management is very vital in determining performance of a given firm. It is the role of management to ensure that everything is as it should be. Consequently, management development is crucial in ensuring that organization is able to advance. It is important to note that there are several management development techniques that can be applied, especially for small businesses. Strategies used by Small Businesses Need for training differs from one organization to another. As a result, strategies of training will be different. Moreover, different people will have different needs which will require different modes of training. Consequently, there are several approaches that are used by various business organizations. These strategies vary from simple and cheap ones to complex and somehow expensive methods (Pearn, 2003).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Among the most common training techniques used in small businesses is leadership training. This often involves introduction of lessons about management of employees. Members of the staff who are well conversant with management can be given the mandate of training other employees. However, it has been proved through research that the programs where a third party handles the process of training are more effective. Leadership training strategies can be divided into generic and focused strategies. On the one hand, generic leadership training strategies train on all managerial duties that one can handle without concentration on any specific area. On the other hand, focused training strategies refer to strategies where an individual is trained only on his or her sphere of duties (Gallucci, Lare, Yoon Boatright, 2010). This means that an individual trained to become a human resource manager will be taught only on the aspects of human resource management. It is important to note that focused training strategies are very effective as compared to generic strategies given the fact that focused strategies are exhaustive. Additionally, small businesses can choose some managers to train the others in the given areas. The strategy known as a peer training is effective when the individuals chosen as trainers have enough experience in their area of specia lization. The managers that are undergoing training are given the opportunity to learn while they are working and thus gain firsthand information. Additionally, the strategy gives learners the opportunity of asking questions and applying the answers they get immediately, which makes the points permanent (Norman, 2013). It should be noted that not every individual can become a trainer in an organization. Consequently, trainers should be only those people who have explicitly shown their interest and willingness of sharing their experience with the others. The training programs should be developed by the trainers in collaboration with the human resource department and departmental managers to ensure that time allocation does not interfere with the activities of the firm.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Management development techniques: Small businesses specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Managers have the abilit y to influence employees to stay with a company or quit. If a manager handles his or her staff members in a bad way, employees will become dissatisfied with the firm and thus quit to search for employment elsewhere. In this regard, every business, irrespective of its size, will have to train its managers on how to handle their juniors. This includes the correct way of communication as well as the acceptable code of conduct. As a result, behavior training is very crucial for management development. Behavior training strategies may include enhancement of sensitivity of managers as well as creation of awareness on sexual harassment. To make the strategy more effective, Gray (2004) suggests that the program should include possible effects if the manager behaves otherwise. Arguably, financial constraint is the key factor that limits how far a small business can go in regard to the management development. While there are some very effective strategies that can highly increase output of a business, if implemented, they are mostly expensive and out of reach for many small businesses. Managers can, therefore, be encouraged to individually increase their knowledge by their own initiative (Haan, 2004). This can be achieved by coming up with a program where any kind of educational course is subsidized. This will encourage not only managers but also other employees to enhance their skills. On the other hand, a company can come up with a library which will contain the books addressing issues related to career development as well as personal development. Self-managed learning process is also very effective when it comes to management development in small businesses. There are several approaches used in self-managed learning. Firstly, people can use seminars and conferences where they share knowledge and ideas. In the process of exchanging ideas, people end up learning new things. Moreover, this approach increases confidence and public presentation skills. Another approach is the use of social networks. These platforms allow people to engage in exchanging ideas, which leads to knowledge sharing. As a matter of fact, this does not necessarily have to be done in accordance with any schedule and is thus enjoyable to all the parties.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, the internet has many resources that can be used to learn. Consequently, an individual can decide to read materials regarding the subject of interest (Haan, 2004). Consequently, people can gain a lot of crucial information that can be positively used in an organization. Furthermore, learners may decide to use different approaches of studying available. The first one is a deep approach where a learner tries to understand new ideas on his/her own and put them into practice in a real life work situation. This approach is very effective because it ensures maximum retention of ideas gained. Self-managed learning also applies the surface approach of learning. In this approach, the learners only concentrate on the required areas of learning. This is meant to ensure that learners are not overburdened with reading what will not be of use to them (Norman, 2013). SML also concentrates on required issues only because individuals aim at enhancing specific skills. This approach is r eferred to as a strategic approach. Human beings should work hard to increase their income by any percentage. Consequently, people will improve their performance if they know that by doing so they will gain material benefit. Small business can come up with a rewarding system where the best managers are rewarded. This will encourage managers to join training programs where they will improve their skills. While managers will be developing their skills aiming at material benefit that come with that, output of the firm in general will also be improving (Konczak, Stelly Trusty, 2000). It should however be noted that rewards given should meet the desires of managers aimed. Otherwise, the rewarding system will not be able to meet its intended goals. In order to achieve the desired behavior in an organization, role-playing strategy can be applied. Under this strategy, the trainer conducts him or herself in the required manner when in different situations. This is carried out in order to en sure that learners get the firsthand information of what is expected of them. This strategy involves setting up of different circumstances which a manager can come across and then displaying the expected code of conduct (Harrison, 2005). Besides providing a practical example of the situations that one can find him or herself in, this strategy provides trainers with the opportunity of assessing whether the trainees have understood. Notably, the most common mode of development is undertaking courses related to ones career. Therefore, management development can also be attained through attending various course both short and long term. In this regard, small businesses can choose to send some managers to training at given periods of time. Conversely, the business can come up with a program where managers are given study leaves so that they can take various courses that will improve their performance. These courses may be fulltime or part time depending on the intensity of the course and time available. This strategy is beneficial because it provides the managers with ample time to learn in a class environment thus making them more serious on what they learn. It should also be noted that since there is documented results regarding performance, it is possible to know which area one is best at. However, care should be taken to ensure that the courses taken are relevant to the job description of an individual (Resnick, 2010). Another beneficial strategy that can be applied by small businesses is executive education. This could be general courses touching on managerial roles or customized programs that take into consideration the special needs of the business. Executive education is offered by various academic institutions and is meant for business executives as well as business managers. It is important to note that executive education is very valuable because it takes into consideration current business environment and technological changes when coming up with the co urse outline. As a result, the strategy is highly influential in enhancing the ability of managers to attend to their duties (Konczak, Stelly Trusty, 2000). Lately, customized executive education has gained popularity given the fact that it is able to deal with problems that are unique to each business. Furthermore, executive education focuses on improving specific skills that are necessary for the proper functioning of any business. It should be noted here that courses offered by executive education range from simple courses to more complex ones. Advantages of Management Development Management development is very vital for any organization be it a small business or a multinational company. Each business entity needs to advance its operations in all the aspects, thus, management is a very crucial ingredient in successful firms operation. To begin with, management development helps a company to ensure that it integrates technological advancements at the right time. This involves equ ipping the managers with up-to-date skills and techniques which are very crucial in ensuring that the business remains relevant especially given the issue of globalization. Moreover, management development techniques enable a firm to come up with the most applicable methods of aligning people with processes for maximum output (Pearn, 2003). Similarly, management development is essential in ensuring that the most recent and highly efficient methods of production are applied in any business, thus increasing its output. Besides, management development is very crucial in enhancing ability of managers to execute their duties efficiently and increasing their awareness of the most effective leadership style. Arguably, the most important benefit of management development is that it increases sensitivity of managers. Consequently, it enables managers to timely know when something is going wrong in the business and implement necessary actions. Moreover, it enables managers to understand the n eed to give their juniors the opportunity to make their careers and improve their knowledge. Managers also learn techniques of managing different teams of people, as it is quite crucial in their job description. Disadvantages of Management Development Techniques It should, however, be noted that management training strategies have various drawbacks. Sometimes, some strategies are very expensive to maintain and can be out of scope for many small businesses. Moreover, other strategies are very comprehensive and require long period of time to be accomplished. Unfortunately, small businesses might not be able to keep managers out of work for that long. Furthermore, other strategies, for example, those that require individual initiative might not be effective since many people may not be willing to follow them. Peer training lacks innovativeness and leads to replication of ideas. In this regard, it is incapable of bringing on board new skills to meet changes and advancement in the corpor ate world (Harrison, 2005). Conclusion Management development is a requirement that any business organization cannot do without. Given the dynamics in the business world, companies need to continuously train their staff so that they can be able to keep up with the change in demand. Small businesses need specifically not only to keep abreast of technological advancement, but also meet the demand. This can be achieved through proper management of people given that they form the core of any business. In this regard, businesses need to consider management development techniques that fit their needs and implement them. However, in choosing the strategy to use various factors including time, cost and specific needs of the business should be put into consideration. References Gallucci, C., Lare, M. D., Yoon, I. H. Boatright, B. (2010). Instructional Coaching: Building Theory about the Role and Organizational Support for Professional Learning. American Educational research Journal, 47(4), 919-963. Gray, C. (2004). Management Development In European Small and Medium Enterprises. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 6(4), 451-469. Haan, E. D. (2004). Learning with Colleagues: An Action Guide for Peer Consultation. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Harrison, R. (2005). Learning and Development. London: CIPD Publishing. Konczak, L. J., Stelly, D. J. Trusty, M. L. (2000). Defining and Measuring Empowering Leader Behaviors: Development of an Upward Feedback Instrument. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 60(2), 301-313. Norman, G. (2013). Learner Managed Learning: Practice, Theory and Policy. London: Routledge. Pearn, M. (2003). Individually Differences and Development in Organizations. Hoboken: John Willey Sons. Resnick, L. B. (2010). Nested Learning Systems for the Thinking Curriculum. Educational Researcher, 39(3), 183-197.

Price Controls Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Price Controls - Essay Example Price ceiling refers to the highest amount that can be charged for a product. Ceiling price controls determines the highest prices that might be charged for a particular commodity but do not limit transactions at lower prices below the ceiling price. On the other hand, price floor is the minimum amount charged for the product. However, just like in the case of price ceilings, price floor controls do not limit transactions at higher prices above the floor price (Newberry, 09). The government agency may be encouraged to fix and enforce the exact prices for which certain commodity or commodities may be sold. Alternatively, the government through the agency-as discussed above-might decides to set ceilings and floor prices for particular goods or services. The market prices determined by the interaction of the demand and supply curves are the basic building blocks for most economies. Consumers taste for a commodity will determine how much of the product they will be willing to buy at a given price. Consumers tend to buy more of a commodity as its prices declines (Newberry, 87). Companies in turn, decide on how much they will be willing to supply to the market at different prices. If consumers agree to pay more for a commodity, then more suppliers will be tempted to produce the product. The increased prices motivate manufacturers to increase their production capabilities by conducting research to improve the quality of the products. Therefore, the supply of goods in the market increases with an increase in the product’s price (Wise, 32). This dynamic interaction provides the equilibrium market price of the commodity where sellers and buyers can transact freely. The price that results from this interaction causes the quantity of goods being demanded by customers to be equal to the supply produced by manufacturers. In most countries, the government is going through hard times trying to control prices for some commodities. For instance, one of the critical issues that were facing American citizens by the year 2001 was how to manage prescription drug prices, particularly for senior who depend on Medicare coverage. Some policy makers at the time tried to encourage the government to directly contract with drug manufacturers to purchase drugs for the seniors-at the government set prices. However, despite numerous attempts by the policy maker, that kind of price control proved to be harmful to the American citizens. Considering the above example and many other similar cases, this paper will try to analyze the problems associated with price controls (Wise, 145). 2. Constitutional Issues affecting Price Control It is a common practice that every gov ernment will always gain favor from the voters and its constituents when it lowers prices of any popular commodity (Age?nor and Carlos, 89). That is, prices to some extent limit the welfare of an individual as it will reduce the amount of products consumed. Therefore, lowering the price will definitely increase the welfare of consumers especially if the prices are for popular good within a country. The government also gains favor from firms and lobbyists when it raises prices of some goods-that will earn them profits. Given these benefits to policymakers, you should not be surprised on discovering that price control is a common practice in history of most Western economies (Age?nor and Carl

Managing Physical and Mental Health Challenges Essay

Managing Physical and Mental Health Challenges - Essay Example According to the report  cognitive disabilities basically affect one’s intellectual capacity and     affects performance in education. Mental health in simple terms is absence of a mental disorder and physical health is the general wellbeing of the body. Cognitive disability is detected by intellectual capacity, academic ability and adaptive conduct. To measure the intellectual capacity, an intelligence test is run. An intelligence test is any of a number of tests designed to measure a person’s mental skills Academic performance can be measured by communication skills and academic readiness of the person.From this study it is clear that mental health and physical wellbeing can be affected by cognitive disability. When one is confirmed to have cognitive disability, then they end up having a difficult time interacting socially which in turn affects them psychologically. Psychological effects end up causing anxiety and depression which in turn makes people to seek di fferent ways to cope. Stacey deals with her problems by self mutilation which causes physical problems. If Stacey is confirmed to have cognitive disability, then the choice on the way forward is left to the parents but if she doesn’t have any cognitive disability, then she can make sober decisions on her own .This is according to the Nursing and Midwifery code of conduct.  Stacey needs to go through a series of counseling and psychiatric treatment to make her learn how to open up and also to stop her from inflicting injury on herself.

East Asian Financial Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

East Asian Financial Crisis - Essay Example The intention of this study is the East Asian financial crisis of 1997-98 that culminated into one of the most devastating global shocks in the twentieth century. Its far-fetched effect could be compared with nothing less than that of the Great Depression of 1930s which had entwined the US economy into stagflation. In fact, what prevented the 1930s depression from spreading out throughout the world was the lack of ample networking among various economies. On the other hand, the impact of the East Asian crisis by the end of the millennium was more brutal or burgeoned due to a close-knitted financial relationship already been accomplished between them. The link was especially prominent among the underlying economies in South East Asia, bound together by a regional pact ASEAN that aimed at strengthening and shielding at the same time, the international trade position of the East Asian tigers. These economies had secured massive as well as exemplary economic growth rates that awed many o thers. When these economies were recording a growth in real income equal to 7 percent per annum, the US economy lagged behind at a modest 2 percent. Many nations tried to imitate the fiscal configuration of policies being framed by these nations. However, the cheap labor that the economies in the South East Asian region were endowed with, could not be equaled anywhere else in the world. Hence, it was infeasible for others to carry on their production and supply their outputs at competent prices in the world market.

Office Automation and Group Collaboration Software Essay Example for Free

Office Automation and Group Collaboration Software Essay Nowadays, in the modern business world, Office Automation Software include calendar and scheduling, call accounting and management, data entry, email management, fax management, and forms management softwares. On the other hand, Group Collaboration Software include group calendar, groupware solution, mailing list management, messaging solution, teleconferencing, video web conferencing, and web discussion system software. However, the uses of aforementioned software in most of the offices vary with respect to the requirements and the environment of the business operation. Office Automation Software have become an essential part of any business organization. As a matter of fact, word processing programs like Microsoft Word have replaced typewriters and paper-based work is being performed in database programmes. For instance, Employees attendance records and periodical inventory sales reports are useful operations which are being accomplished using automation software. On the other hand, group collaboration software adds value to business with respect of time management. This software allows business representatives to collaborate and get their colleagues’ views and ideas on different occasions. In this article, I will describe the uses of these software and analyze their advantages and disadvantages In my organization, there are 40 employees and all of them use Office Automation Software for the timely and accurate completion of their duties. In addition to that, most of the time we also use group collaboration software to solve a particular problem or we use it while analyzing sales, evaluating inventory, holding online meetings, etc. Video Conferencing Software Video conferencing system uses a room system in most of the offices. It allows its users to make a solicitation from the template that has already been created by someone. Consequently, it allows bidders to make or replace their bid in an electronic format, saves time, helps users who want to place or change their bid from their residence or offices, and saves money which might have been spent on traveling. A major disadvantage of this software is that in complex situations, while users bid on this platform, secret information may get leaked. Electronic Mail Electronic mail has replaced postage in every organization. Email software allows billions of users to communicate fastly and cheaply as compared to postage. In business offices, email has changed the whole phenomena of communication. Office colleagues can communicate directly both inside and outside the organization in a short period of time. Emails also allow a user to send or receive multiple documents with attachments of files or folders. On the other hand, you may lose data which is saved in your email account or your email account can be hacked by someone else resulting in an unauthorized use of your account and the leakage of your private business information. Furthermore, if you send some wrong information in your email, it cannot be taken back. Web Conferencing Software Web conferencing software enables multiple users to arrange an online meeting in order to solve particular problems or to discuss particular matters related to business operation. Web conferencing has completely changed the concept of meetings in the way that you can discuss many things online and solve your problems from anywhere. Consequently, it saves the time of business executives. The only disadvantage of web conferencing is that some problems cannot be solved on web conferencing since the physical presence of employees creates a different environment of mutual understanding and cooperation and gives a sense of closeness. Word Processing Software Nowadays, word processing software has become mandatory software for every organization. Before the invention of this software, the work associated with this nature was done by the typewriter and it was time-consuming. Following are the advantages and disadvantages of this software. (1) â€Å"It is easier to make changes to your document. You can move, change, delete, save, and format all your ideas in one handy file. (2) It frees you to express ideas more clearly and to let your thoughts flow because anything can be changed or deleted later. 3) It allows you to organize all your work or ideas together in a file. Instead of deleting paragraphs that do not seem to fit an assignment, you can move them to the end of the file where they can be used later or in another project. (4) It is easy to share and store word processing files electronically†. The only disadvantage associated with this software is that you may lose your data while working due to sudden electric power failure. (Advantages) Call Accounting and Management Software Since its invention, call accounting software has been adopted by approximately 90% of the established and non-established organizations because of its accuracy and cost effectiveness. A good call accounting software tracks and records various calls of clients and business partners, facilitates customer support management by saving all telephonic data, tracks call timing, and so on . Thus, by taking an analysis of its calls, an organization can easily know about its precious customers records and orders. This practice creates a good business environment across the organization. However, the only disadvantage of this software is, if the operator did not create a backup file and an error occurred in the software, data may be lost. Group Calendar Software Group calendar software allows you to organize your critical business events and meetings according to the departments, locations, projects, and time. Having group calendar software online, your employees and business partners can easily arrange a meeting by keeping in mind their work details and availability of time. Web based group calendars provide a cost effective solution without the anxieties and cost inherent with supporting complex in-house calendar system. There is no software to install no server to maintain ever plus group calendar tools are a perfect solution for rapidly expanding projects or distributed work forces†. (group calendar) Time and Attendance Software By using time and attendance software, we can easily save time of our payroll department employees. Time and attendance software automatically record and keep check-in and check-out timings of employees without delay. This software also makes it possible to calculate wages and salaries of workers and employees. Moreover, it provides complete details of attendance and check-in and check-out times to the payroll department that saves time. In addition to that, it is completely secure and can be accessed form different departments of an organization. However, occurrence of an error can create problems because this is the only place where employees records are kept. Conclusion Finally, computer software made it possible to run business operations more effectively and accurately. In today’s global world, computers have become a major part of every business organization because of their cost effectiveness and they also pave the way for every business organization to excel upon others by using them. Both Office Automation Software and Group Collaboration Software enhance the business activities and make it possible for the employees to save precious time and money of the organization. Some software like call recording software adds value to customer services and creates an excellent platform to keep records of their clients which increases organizational goodwill.